HSA 3111 APA Support: Images

Photograph from a Website:

Note: If no title, add a description in brackets.

Rinaldi, J. (2016). [Photograph series of a boy who finds his footing after abuse by those he trusted]. The Pulitzer Prizes. https://www.pulitzer.org/winners/jessica-rinaldi

McCurry, S. (1985). Afghan girl [Photograph]. National Geographic. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/national-geographic-magazine-50-years-of-covers/#/ngm-1985-jun-714.jpg

Basic Format for Artwork from Museum Website:

Artist Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Title of the artwork [Format]. Location. URL

Example:

Wood, G. (1930). American gothic [Painting]. Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States. https://www.artic.edu/aic/collections/artowrk/6565

Basic Format for Stock Image or Clip Art:

Note: No reference entry needed for clips art from Microsoft Word or PowerPoint programs.

Author. (Year). Title of image [format]. Website. URL

Example:

GDJ. (2018). Neural network deep learning prismatic [Clip art]. Openclipart. https://openclipart.org/detail/309343/neural-network-deep-learning-prismatic

Source:  "Difference between open license, public domain and all rights reserved copyright" by Boyoung Chae is licensed under CC BY 4.0

What is Fair Use?

The Fair Use Doctrine provides for limited use of copyrighted materials for educational and research purposes without permission from the owners. It is not a blanket exemption. Instead, each proposed use must be analyzed under a four-part test.

"Limitations on exclusive rights: Fair use" (Section 107) offers a set of factors to consider when using copyrighted work for teaching or research. Specifically, the factors include:

1.  the purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes;
2. the nature of the copyrighted work;
3. the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and
4. the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work.

Basic Format for Photograph from a Website:

(Artist Last Name, Year)

(McCurry, 1985) -parenthetical

McCurry (1985) -narrative

Basic Format for Artwork:

(Artist Last Name, Year)

(Wood, 1930) -parenthetical

Wood (1930) -narrative

Basic Format for Stock Image:

(Author, Year) if just referencing in-text.

(GDJ, 2018) -parenthetical

GDJ (2018) -narrative